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Introduction

Caustic ingestion involves the accidental or intentional swallowing of corrosive substances.  These acidic or alkaline chemicals can rapidly cause significant tissue damage when introduced into the digestive tract.  Symptoms of caustic ingestion may include dysphagia, drooling, hoarseness, chest pain, and respiratory distress.  Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is the test of choice to assess the extent of mucosal injury and determine management.

Risk factors

  • Age:
    • In young children, ingestions are most often accidental and the amount consumed is typically small.
    • In teens and adults, ingestions are usually intentional and involve a large quantity of caustic material.
  • Psychiatric conditions (eg, suicidal ideation, depression)
  • Access to corrosive chemicals:
    • Alkaline chemicals include oven cleaner, dishwasher detergents, or laundry pods.
    • Acidic chemicals include toilet cleaners or battery fluid (eg, button batteries).

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