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Introduction

Rosacea is a chronic, inflammatory, erythematous rash that is most prominent on the convex areas of the face; it can present with papules, pustules, telangiectasia, and facial flushing.  Rosacea can also affect the eyes.  It is most common in fair-skinned patients and women age >30.

Etiology

The etiology is not fully understood but may relate to a chronic inflammatory reaction to cutaneous microorganisms, ultraviolet light damage, or vasomotor dysfunction.  Common triggers include sun exposure, extreme temperatures (cold or heat), spicy foods, alcohol, and exercise.

Clinical presentation

Rosacea affects the face and eyes.  It typically has an onset after age 30 and more commonly affects lighter-skinned individuals and women.  There are 4 subtypes of rosacea, with the following clinical presentations:

  • Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea ( Image 1

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